Publikationen

2024

• Data-Driven Analysis of Physical and Mental Rotation Strategies

  Wetzel, S., & Bertel, S. (2024). Data-Driven Analysis of Physical and Mental Rotation Strategies. CogSci 2025 conference. Rotterdam: Cognitive Science Society.

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  Studying physical rotation (i.e., rotation tasks during which figures can be physically rotated, such as through gestures) can offer insights also into problem solving processes at work during mental rotation. We present a novel method for behavioral pattern analysis which we applied to data from 2,999 physical rotation tasks gathered in-class from 50 secondary school students. The method uses normalized, resampled, time-dependent data on angular offsets between figures over time and agglomerative, correlation-based clustering. Each cluster represents a distinct behavioral pattern and its respective prototype a problem solving strategy. Results indicate that multiple strategies were employed: The dominant strategy matches the classical model of mental rotation, in which angular offsets between figures are decreased over time. For the secondary strategy, angular offsets were actually increased. A subsequent analysis shows that the secondary strategy was more frequently used for symmetric figures, possibly indicating problems with correctly matching segments across figures.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Bertel, Sven

  • Forschungsprojekt

    • Kompetenzen für eine digitale Welt: partizipative Entwicklung von Apps zum Training räumlicher Fähigkeiten im Unterricht

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • CIVU – Center for Interaction, Visualization and Usability

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Human-Computer-Interaction

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Conference Proceedings
  • • Stefanie Wetzel
    • Sven Bertel

• Information mismatch in PHH3-assisted mitosis annotation leads to interpretation shifts in H&E slide analysis

  Ganz, J., Marzahl, C., Ammeling, J., Rosbach, E., Richter, B., Puget, C., … Aubreville, M. (2024). Information mismatch in PHH3-assisted mitosis annotation leads to interpretation shifts in H&E slide analysis. Scientific Reports, 14, 26273. http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77244-6

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  Abstract The count of mitotic figures (MFs) observed in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides is an important prognostic marker, as it is a measure for tumor cell proliferation. However, the identification of MFs has a known low inter-rater agreement. In a computer-aided setting, deep learning algorithms can help to mitigate this, but they require large amounts of annotated data for training and validation. Furthermore, label noise introduced during the annotation process may impede the algorithms’ performance. Unlike H&E, where identification of MFs is based mainly on morphological features, the mitosis-specific antibody phospho-histone H3 (PHH3) specifically highlights MFs. Counting MFs on slides stained against PHH3 leads to higher agreement among raters and has therefore recently been used as a ground truth for the annotation of MFs in H&E. However, as PHH3 facilitates the recognition of cells indistinguishable from H&E staining alone, the use of this ground truth could potentially introduce an interpretation shift and even label noise into the H&E-related dataset, impacting model performance. This study analyzes the impact of PHH3-assisted MF annotation on inter-rater reliability and object level agreement through an extensive multi-rater experiment. Subsequently, MF detectors, including a novel dual-stain detector, were evaluated on the resulting datasets to investigate the influence of PHH3-assisted labeling on the models’ performance. We found that the annotators’ object-level agreement significantly increased when using PHH3-assisted labeling (F1: 0.53 to 0.74). However, this enhancement in label consistency did not translate to improved performance for H&E-based detectors, neither during the training phase nor the evaluation phase. Conversely, the dual-stain detector was able to benefit from the higher consistency. This reveals an information mismatch between the H&E and PHH3-stained images as the cause of this effect, which renders PHH3-assisted annotations not well-aligned for use with H&E-based detectors. Based on our findings, we propose an improved PHH3-assisted labeling procedure.

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    • Aubreville, Marc

  • Forschungsprojekt

    • Robust and Accurate Multi-Tumor, Multi-Species, Multi-Laboratory and Multi-Scanner Mitosis Detection with Large-Scale Datasets and Artificial Intelligence

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research
    • CIVU – Center for Interaction, Visualization and Usability

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Human-Computer-Interaction
    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Jonathan Ganz
    • Christian Marzahl
    • Jonas Ammeling
    • Emely Rosbach
    • Barbara Richter
    • Chloé Puget
    • Daniela Denk
    • Elena Demeter
    • Flaviu Tăbăran
    • Gabriel Wasinger
    • Karoline Lipnik
    • Marco Tecilla
    • Matthew Valentine
    • Michael Dark
    • Niklas Abele
    • Pompei Bolfa
    • Ramona Erber
    • Robert Klopfleisch
    • Sophie Merz
    • Taryn Donovan
    • Samir Jabari
    • Christof Bertram
    • Katharina Breininger
    • Marc Aubreville

• Training for Ultrasound Imaging: An Evaluation of SonoGame

  Gürgan, S., Henze, V., Gall, C., Schoenfisch, B., Brucker, S., Hahn, M., … Teistler, M. (2024). Training for Ultrasound Imaging: An Evaluation of SonoGame. ACM Symposium on Spatial User Interaction (SUI 2024). Trier, Germany: ACM, New York. http://doi.org/10.1145/3677386.3688880

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    • Bertel, Sven
    • Teistler, Michael

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • CIVU – Center for Interaction, Visualization and Usability

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Human-Computer-Interaction

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Conference Proceedings
  • • Selin Gürgan
    • Victoria Henze
    • Christian Gall
    • Birgitt Schoenfisch
    • Sara Brucker
    • Markus Hahn
    • Sven Bertel
    • Lukas Mayer
    • Matthias Süncksen
    • Michael Teistler

• Nuclear pleomorphism in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Comparison of reproducibility and prognostic relevance between estimates, manual morphometry, and algorithmic morphometry

  Haghofer, A., Parlak, E., Bartel, A., Donovan, T., Assenmacher, C.-A., Bolfa, P., … Bertram, C. (2024). Nuclear pleomorphism in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Comparison of reproducibility and prognostic relevance between estimates, manual morphometry, and algorithmic morphometry. Veterinary Pathology, 03009858241295399. http://doi.org/10.1177/03009858241295399

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  Variation in nuclear size and shape is an important criterion of malignancy for many tumor types; however, categorical estimates by pathologists have poor reproducibility. Measurements of nuclear characteristics can improve reproducibility, but current manual methods are time-consuming. The aim of this study was to explore the limitations of estimates and develop alternative morphometric solutions for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs). We assessed the following nuclear evaluation methods for accuracy, reproducibility, and prognostic utility: (1) anisokaryosis estimates by 11 pathologists; (2) gold standard manual morphometry of at least 100 nuclei; (3) practicable manual morphometry with stratified sampling of 12 nuclei by 9 pathologists; and (4) automated morphometry using deep learning–based segmentation. The study included 96 ccMCTs with available outcome information. Inter-rater reproducibility of anisokaryosis estimates was low (k = 0.226), whereas it was good (intraclass correlation = 0.654) for practicable morphometry of the standard deviation (SD) of nuclear size. As compared with gold standard manual morphometry (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.839, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.701–0.977), the prognostic value (tumor-specific survival) of SDs of nuclear area for practicable manual morphometry and automated morphometry were high with an AUC of 0.868 (95% CI = 0.737–0.991) and 0.943 (95% CI = 0.889–0.996), respectively. This study supports the use of manual morphometry with stratified sampling of 12 nuclei and algorithmic morphometry to overcome the poor reproducibility of estimates. Further studies are needed to validate our findings, determine inter-algorithmic reproducibility and algorithmic robustness, and explore tumor heterogeneity of nuclear features in entire tumor sections.

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    • Aubreville, Marc

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Andreas Haghofer
    • Eda Parlak
    • Alexander Bartel
    • Taryn Donovan
    • Charles-Antoine Assenmacher
    • Pompei Bolfa
    • Michael Dark
    • Andrea Fuchs-Baumgartinger
    • Andrea Klang
    • Kathrin Jäger
    • Robert Klopfleisch
    • Sophie Merz
    • Barbara Richter
    • Yvonne Schulman
    • Hannah Janout
    • Jonathan Ganz
    • Josef Scharinger
    • Marc Aubreville
    • Stephan Winkler
    • Matti Kiupel
    • Christof Bertram

• Green hydrogen production with offshore wind at Colombian Caribbean Sea: Analysis for Atlántico Department s coast

  Bermejo, E., Berrío, J., Llain, J., Rincón, A., Schlipf, D., & Zambrano, H. (2024). Green hydrogen production with offshore wind at Colombian Caribbean Sea: Analysis for Atlántico Department s coast. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10912206

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    • Schlipf, David

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  • 2024
  • Miscellaneous
  • • Edwin Bermejo
    • Julián Berrío
    • Jose Llain
    • Andrés. Rincón
    • David Schlipf
    • Habib Zambrano

• An Interdisciplinary Perspective on AI-Supported Decision Making in Medicine

  Ammeling, J., Aubreville, M., Fritz, A., Kießig, A., Krügel, S., & Uhl, M. (2024). An Interdisciplinary Perspective on AI-Supported Decision Making in Medicine. Technology in Society, 102791.

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    • Aubreville, Marc

  • Forschungsprojekt

    • Robust and Accurate Multi-Tumor, Multi-Species, Multi-Laboratory and Multi-Scanner Mitosis Detection with Large-Scale Datasets and Artificial Intelligence

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research
    • CIVU – Center for Interaction, Visualization and Usability

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Jonas Ammeling
    • Marc Aubreville
    • Alexis Fritz
    • Angelika Kießig
    • Sebastian Krügel
    • Matthias Uhl

• Investigation of asymmetric SVM switching patterns with minor flux loops in inverter fed induction motors

  Königs, M., & Löhlein, B. (2024). Investigation of asymmetric SVM switching patterns with minor flux loops in inverter fed induction motors. Research gate, open access. http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21923.26407

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Mike Königs
    • Bernd Löhlein

• Impact of motions on floating wind turbine power production

  Garcia-Sagrado, A., Schlipf, D., Brovia, S. P., Burstein, J., & Yoshinaga, T. (2024). Impact of motions on floating wind turbine power production. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series. http://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/6/062034

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    • Schlipf, David

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  • 2024
  • Conference Paper
  • • Ana Garcia-Sagrado
    • David Schlipf
    • Santiago Brovia
    • Justin Burstein
    • Tsuyoshi Yoshinaga

• A federated learning approach to QoS forecasting in cellular vehicular communications: Approaches and empirical evidence

  Baganal-Krishna, N., Lübben, R., Liotou, E., Katsaros, K. V., & Rizk, A. (2024). A federated learning approach to QoS forecasting in cellular vehicular communications: Approaches and empirical evidence. Computer Networks, 242, 110239. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2024.110239

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  QoS forecasting for cellular vehicular communications allows cooperative, connected and automated mobility applications to tailor their behavior to the expected communication conditions on the road. In a nutshell, vehicles may, for example, execute cooperative maneuvers if the communication quality of service is only above a certain quantitative level whereas if not they revert to the individual autonomous mode. In this paper, we propose and show empirical methods for estimating packet-based QoS metrics obtained from 5G network measurements with a direct application to vehicular applications. As many distributed vehicular applications possess strict QoS requirements, we focus here on bounding packet-based statistical QoS quantiles, specifically for latency and loss. Our approach is based on training regression neural networks in a federated learning fashion and show that it can obtain predictions on par with centralized training without the vehicles needing to transmit raw measurement data. In contrast to QoS prediction using physical layer information, we briefly discuss the embedding of such much simpler application-level service within the 5G architecture. We also validate our approach through recovering classical closed-form delay quantiles that are obtained from analytical models of simple queueing systems. We show that our approach goes beyond these simple models in that it provides quantile estimates for the complex scenario of cellular vehicle communications and under different application traffic patterns including empirical data traffic traces as well as 5G testbed measurements.

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    • Lübben, Ralf

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Nehal Baganal-Krishna
    • Ralf Lübben
    • Eirini Liotou
    • Konstantinos Katsaros
    • Amr Rizk
  • • Predictive QoS
    • Vehicular communications
    • Federated learning
    • 5G measurements

• Why state-of-the-art analytical models for eddy current losses in PM of PMSM are insufficient for variable speed motors

  Königs, M., & Löhlein, B. (2024). Why state-of-the-art analytical models for eddy current losses in PM of PMSM are insufficient for variable speed motors. e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, 141. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-024-01207-y

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Mike Königs
    • Bernd Löhlein