Publikationen

The utilization of renewable energy resources significantly increases in order to reduce the impact of climate change. Wind turbines are one of the most important renewable energy sources and have an important role to play in power generation. They do, however, have to serve the increasingly variable demands of the grid. Some of these demands cannot be satisfied with the standard control mechanisms of state-of-the-art wind turbines. A hydraulic-pneumatic flywheel in a wind turbine rotor is one mechanism which, in addition to its various grid services, can also reduce the mechanical loads on the structure of a wind turbine. However, the installation of such a flywheel into rotor blades increases the weight of the blades. This paper focusses on the development of a design method for reducing the additional mass of the flywheel. This method incorporates the piston accumulators of the flywheel in the blade support structure, which allows for the replacement of parts of the blade spar caps with composite material from the piston accumulators. This enables the flywheel to be installed into the rotor blades without making the wind turbine significantly heavier.

In this paper, atmospheric irrigation with wind turbines is proposed. This technology addresses the problem of water scarcity by enhancing the natural water circuit in the atmosphere with wind turbines. There are three different operating modes conceivable for this technology. In two of these the wind turbines interact with the ground in their near wake. The third operating mode is the one which is discussed in this paper, and it aims at transporting water potentially over long distances. The basic working principle, the utilized physical phenomena and the basic design of the technology are introduced. The equations governing the hydraulic and the hydrological effects are presented. The goal of this paper is to quantify the necessary power and the necessary amount of water when wind turbines humidify a certain volume of air in the atmosphere. For this purpose, the power and water demand are assessed, both in a generalized manner and for a realistic scenario. It is concluded that the proposed system can achieve the objective in most wind speed conditions. However, the required amount of water is substantial. Therefore, an alternative source of fresh water has to be found when the system is used on a comparably large scale.

This paper contributes to the recent stream of econometric entrepreneurship research by introducing the environmental orientation of new ventures as a key factor for sustainable development. It empirically assesses whether relationships exist between national shares of green entrepreneurial activity (GEA) and economic, social, and environmental development. Theory and first empirical evidence suggest that – compared to conventional new ventures – new green ventures have a more positive economic and social impact and are less harmful or even beneficial to environmental quality. OLS regressions were estimated to empirically test the impact of GEA rates (share of total entrepreneurial activity) on GDP, the modified HDI, and CO₂ emissions. For this purpose, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data for 11,909 early-stage entrepreneurs was aggregated to the macro-level of 53 countries and merged with further international datasets. The results confirmed that higher shares of GEA are positively related to economic and social development but not to environmental development. Additional tests proved the robustness of the results for different economic development levels, time-lag variations, and different measurements of dependent and independent variables. The identified economic and social importance of GEA warrants intensified policy efforts to support the discovery, creation, and exploitation of green business opportunities. Potential explanations for the counterintuitive non-significant environmental impact are discussed, leading to new research avenues.

This chapter presents the findings of the European “LSP Teacher Training Summer School” project (TRAILs) which aims to develop an innovative LSP teacher training curriculum based on identified gaps between existing and required LSP teacher training. The paper introduces a methodological approach to collect relevant information on such programmes and provides an overview of existing training programmes in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). By synthesising the research activities carried out, the data presented relate to entry requirements, teaching and learning methods, use of information and communications technology (ICT), and credit points granted in the framework of the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). The results of the survey have shown that in some countries higher education institutions do not offer any LSP teacher training programmes and, where such programmes are provided, their number varies considerably. The programmes differ in terms of teaching format as well as the teaching and learning methods used. On the other hand, it seems that ICT tools are commonly used by both LSP teacher trainers and students.

We present an updated calculation of the W boson pole mass in models beyond the standard model with FlexibleSUSY. The calculation has a decoupling behavior and allows for a precise W-pole mass prediction up to large new physics scales. We apply the calculation to several standard model extensions, including the MRSSM where we show that it can be compatible with large corrections to the W boson mass that would be needed to fit the recent 2022 CDF measurement.

English: There are many open questions in physics: What is Dark Matter? Why is gravity so extremely weak compared to the other forces? Can all forces be unified to one fundamental force? One approach to shed light on these questions is to make precision measurements on elementary particles and search for deviations from the predictions. The magnetic moment of the muon is one of these precision observables which deviates significantly from the prediction. It has thus drawn a lot of attention in the particle physics community, because it gives us direct hints for the existence of new particles to answer the open questions. This talk gives an overview over open questions in particle physics and explains how the magnetic moment of the muon is measured with high precision and what it tells us about the existence of new particles. German: In der modernen Physik gibt es noch viele offene Fragen: Woraus besteht Dunkle Materie? Warum ist die Gravitationskraft so extrem schwach im Vergleich zu den anderen Kräften? Können alle Kräfte zu einer einzigen Universalkraft vereinigt werden? Eine Möglichkeit um etwas Licht in das Dunkel zu bringen sind Präzisionsmessungen an Elementarteilchen und die Suche nach Abweichungen von den Vorhersagen. Das magnetische Moment des Myons ist eine dieser Präzisionsobservablen, die deutlich von der Vorhersage abweicht. Aufgrund dessen hat das magnetische Moment des Myons viel Aufmerksamkeit unter den Physikerinnen und Physikern auf sich gezogen, da es direkte Hinweise auf die Existenz neuer Elementarteilchen liefert um die offenen Fragen der Teilchenphysik zu beantworten. Dieser Vortag gibt einen Überblick über die offenen Fragen der Teilchenphysik und erläutert, wie das magnetische Moment des Myons mit hoher Präzision gemessen wird und welche Hinweise uns diese Messung in Bezug auf die Existenz neuer Elementarteilchen gibt.