Publikationen

2024

QUIC(K) communication for GPU Virtualization in Edge Computing

Lübben, R. ., Gaikwad, N. B., Stefanović, Čedomir ., & Kosta, S. . (2024). QUIC(K) communication for GPU Virtualization in Edge Computing. In International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications. Paris: IEEE. (Original work published Oktober 2024)
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2024

Conference Paper

Ralf Lübben

Nikhil Gaikwad

Čedomir Stefanović

Sokol Kosta
Dominance hierarchy does not influence distances travelled and area utilization in a large group of ponies

Weidling, G. ., Krieter, J. ., Lübben, R. ., & Czycholl, I. . (2024). Dominance hierarchy does not influence distances travelled and area utilization in a large group of ponies. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 271. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2024.106178 (Original work published Februar 2024)

Abstract

In order to improve existing horse husbandry practices by providing social contact and exercise opportunities, it is necessary to fully understand the behaviour of horses in relation to group housing. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of dominance hierarchy on the locomotor behaviour and area utilization in a large group of horses in a pasture-based housing system in Northern Germany. The movements of 40 ponies with established group affiliations were observed over approximately one month from late August to early October 2022 using GPS technology. Their dominance hierarchy was determined by testing each possible combination in separate pair-feeding tests. For the determination of area utilization, the available space was divided into a total of 8889 quadrants with 3x3 m each. Analysis of daily distances travelled by the horses revealed an average of 5.4 ± 1.2 km/day, with no significant effect of social rank. However, age had a significant effect, with older horses walking shorter distances. Quadrants used per hour, as measure of area utilization, averaged 37.9 ± 6.4, with no effect of social rank but a significant effect of age observed. Heat maps showed full pasture utilization, with lower ranked horses having less access to resources around the watering trough and a greater use of less attractive grazing areas. The study suggests that in this specific setting, social rank did not significantly affect locomotor behaviour or area use. Although the study did not find a correlation between dominance rank and locomotor behaviour or area use, it highlighted the need for further research in different group sizes and housing systems to optimise group housing practices for horses, especially in settings with limited space and resources.
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2024

Journal Article

Gesa Weidling

Joachim Krieter

Ralf Lübben

Irena Czycholl

Horse

Dominance hierarchy

GPS

Distance

Area utilization

Group housing
A federated learning approach to QoS forecasting in cellular vehicular communications: Approaches and empirical evidence

Baganal-Krishna, N. ., Lübben, R. ., Liotou, E. ., Katsaros, K. V., & Rizk, A. . (2024). A federated learning approach to QoS forecasting in cellular vehicular communications: Approaches and empirical evidence. Computer Networks, 242, 110239. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2024.110239

Abstract

QoS forecasting for cellular vehicular communications allows cooperative, connected and automated mobility applications to tailor their behavior to the expected communication conditions on the road. In a nutshell, vehicles may, for example, execute cooperative maneuvers if the communication quality of service is only above a certain quantitative level whereas if not they revert to the individual autonomous mode. In this paper, we propose and show empirical methods for estimating packet-based QoS metrics obtained from 5G network measurements with a direct application to vehicular applications. As many distributed vehicular applications possess strict QoS requirements, we focus here on bounding packet-based statistical QoS quantiles, specifically for latency and loss. Our approach is based on training regression neural networks in a federated learning fashion and show that it can obtain predictions on par with centralized training without the vehicles needing to transmit raw measurement data. In contrast to QoS prediction using physical layer information, we briefly discuss the embedding of such much simpler application-level service within the 5G architecture. We also validate our approach through recovering classical closed-form delay quantiles that are obtained from analytical models of simple queueing systems. We show that our approach goes beyond these simple models in that it provides quantile estimates for the complex scenario of cellular vehicle communications and under different application traffic patterns including empirical data traffic traces as well as 5G testbed measurements.
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2024

Journal Article

Nehal Baganal-Krishna

Ralf Lübben

Eirini Liotou

Konstantinos Katsaros

Amr Rizk

Predictive QoS

Vehicular communications

Federated learning

5G measurements

2023

TAILING: Tail Distribution Forecasting of Packet Delays using Quantile Regression Neural Networks

Lübben, R. ., & Rizk, A. . (2023). TAILING: Tail Distribution Forecasting of Packet Delays using Quantile Regression Neural Networks. In IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) (S. 7). (Original work published Mai 2023)
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2023

Conference Paper

Ralf Lübben

Amr Rizk

2022

Exploring the Measurement Lab Open Dataset for Internet Performance Evaluation: The German Internet Landscape

Lübben, R. ., & Misfeld, N. . (2022). Exploring the Measurement Lab Open Dataset for Internet Performance Evaluation: The German Internet Landscape. Electronics, 11. http://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010162

Abstract

The Measurement Lab (MLab) provides a large and open collection of Internet performance measurements. We make use of it to look at the state of the German Internet by a structured analysis, in which we carve out expressive results from the dataset to identify busy hours and days, the impact of server locations and congestion control protocols, and compare Internet service providers. Moreover, we examine the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany. We observe that only parts of the Internet show a performance degradation at the beginning of the lockdown and that a large impact in performance depends on the network the servers are located in. Furthermore, the evolution of congestion control algorithms is reflected by performance improvements. For our analysis, we focus on the busy hours. From the end-user perspective, this time is of most interest to identify if the network can support challenging services such as video streaming or cloud gaming at these intervals.
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2022

Journal Article

Ralf Lübben

Nico Misfeld
Forecasting TCP s Rate to Speed up Slow Start

Lübben, R. . (2022). Forecasting TCP s Rate to Speed up Slow Start. IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society, 1–9. http://doi.org/10.1109/OJCS.2022.3208701
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2022

Journal Article

Ralf Lübben

2021

Fast Reinjection for Intermittent MPTCP Connections

Lübben, R. ., Gübner, S. ., & Wette, P. . (2021). Fast Reinjection for Intermittent MPTCP Connections. In Proc. IEEE VTC. (Original work published 2025)
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Lübben, Ralf

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FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
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2021

Conference Paper

Ralf Lübben

Sascha Gübner

Philip Wette
RTTPROBS: A RTT Probing Scheme for RTT Aware Multi-path Scheduling

Lübben, R. ., Wette, P. ., & Gübner, S. . (2021). RTTPROBS: A RTT Probing Scheme for RTT Aware Multi-path Scheduling. In . (Original work published 2025)
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2021

Conference Paper

Ralf Lübben

Philip Wette

Sascha Gübner

2020

Rechnernetze: Ein einführendes Lehrbuch

Riggert, W. ., & Lübben, R. . (2020). Rechnernetze: Ein einführendes Lehrbuch. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH \& Company KG. http://doi.org/10.3139/9783446463691
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2020

Book

Wolfgang Riggert

Ralf Lübben

2019

Application Level Performance Measurements of Multi-Connectivity Options in Cellular Networks for Vehicular Scenarios

Lübben, R. ., & Schwardmann, J. . (2019). Application Level Performance Measurements of Multi-Connectivity Options in Cellular Networks for Vehicular Scenarios. In IEEE Local Computer Networks. http://doi.org/10.1109/LCN44214.2019.8990813 (Original work published 2025)
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2019

Conference Paper

Ralf Lübben

Jens Schwardmann

2024

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