Publikationen

2024

• Enhancing Spatial Problem-Solving Through Data-Driven Methods: A Practical Approach Utilizing Immersive Technologies and Multimodal Physical Tracking

  Bendig, H. (2024). Enhancing Spatial Problem-Solving Through Data-Driven Methods: A Practical Approach Utilizing Immersive Technologies and Multimodal Physical Tracking. In Companion Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (S. 150–152). Greenville, SC, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. http://doi.org/10.1145/3640544.3645244 (Original work published März 2024)

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  This project aims to explore how data-driven methods can be used to enhance humans’ problem-solving skills in spatial tasks and how they can be integrated into immersive tutoring systems. The goal is to provide an enhanced, state-dependent approach that is also applicable outside the laboratory, within real-life scenarios. Digital tutoring and learning systems are typically expert systems and follow a predefined training routine. Ongoing research concentrates on adaptive methods within affective- and cognition-aware systems, yet there is comparatively less investigation into recognizing and adapting problem-solving strategies. Spatial skill have been shown to be especially important for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) disciplines in general. Due to their design, immersive systems are particularly suitable for training of spatial skills and are thus frequently utilized for this.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Bendig, Henner

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • CIVU – Center for Interaction, Visualization and Usability
    • UsabilityLab

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Human-Computer-Interaction
    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Conference Paper
  • • Henner Bendig
  • • Data-driven Methods
    • Immersive Technologies
    • Spatial Skills
    • biocybernetic control loop

• Dominance hierarchy does not influence distances travelled and area utilization in a large group of ponies

  Weidling, G., Krieter, J., Lübben, R., & Czycholl, I. (2024). Dominance hierarchy does not influence distances travelled and area utilization in a large group of ponies. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 271. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2024.106178 (Original work published Februar 2024)

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  In order to improve existing horse husbandry practices by providing social contact and exercise opportunities, it is necessary to fully understand the behaviour of horses in relation to group housing. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of dominance hierarchy on the locomotor behaviour and area utilization in a large group of horses in a pasture-based housing system in Northern Germany. The movements of 40 ponies with established group affiliations were observed over approximately one month from late August to early October 2022 using GPS technology. Their dominance hierarchy was determined by testing each possible combination in separate pair-feeding tests. For the determination of area utilization, the available space was divided into a total of 8889 quadrants with 3x3 m each. Analysis of daily distances travelled by the horses revealed an average of 5.4 ± 1.2 km/day, with no significant effect of social rank. However, age had a significant effect, with older horses walking shorter distances. Quadrants used per hour, as measure of area utilization, averaged 37.9 ± 6.4, with no effect of social rank but a significant effect of age observed. Heat maps showed full pasture utilization, with lower ranked horses having less access to resources around the watering trough and a greater use of less attractive grazing areas. The study suggests that in this specific setting, social rank did not significantly affect locomotor behaviour or area use. Although the study did not find a correlation between dominance rank and locomotor behaviour or area use, it highlighted the need for further research in different group sizes and housing systems to optimise group housing practices for horses, especially in settings with limited space and resources.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Lübben, Ralf

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Gesa Weidling
    • Joachim Krieter
    • Ralf Lübben
    • Irena Czycholl
  • • Horse
    • Dominance hierarchy
    • GPS
    • Distance
    • Area utilization
    • Group housing

• Hydraulic variable inertia flywheel

  Jauch, C., Jost, R., & Kloft, P. (2024). Hydraulic variable inertia flywheel. Applied Energy, 360, 16. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122830 (Original work published Februar 2024)

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  A novel variable inertia flywheel that uses the mass of a rotating hydraulic fluid is proposed in this paper. In contrast to variable inertia flywheels that use solid masses, this flywheel stands out for its simplicity. In contrast to many other common energy storages, it does not require any environmentally harmful, rare or expensive materials. The basic working principle and the equations that cover the hydraulic behaviour, the pneumatic behaviour and the energy from angular momentum are introduced. These equations are applied to the geometry of the proposed flywheel concept, which allows quantifying the pressures that act on the different mechanical flywheel components. These pressures, together with the centrifugal acceleration from rotation, lead to the loads that have to be withstood by the mechanical components. A simple method for quantifying these loads, and for dimensioning the mechanical components, allows deriving the stationary masses and inertias. A parameter study is conducted, in which different parameters of the flywheel are varied in order to find the maxima in energy density and specific energy. The results of this parameter study reveal that the proposed hydraulic variable inertia flywheel is a very simple and safe energy storage that could provide AC power systems with inertia and control power to support their frequency.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Jauch, Clemens

  • Forschungsprojekt

    • Inno!Nord: Innovationslabor: Speicher zur Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien im echten Norden

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • Wind Energy Technology Institute

  • Profilbereich

    • Erneuerbare Energien und nachhaltige Entwicklung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Innovation und Wachstum, Nachhaltigkeit
    • Wind
    • Netzintegration

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Prof. Dr. Clemens Jauch
    • Rebecca Jost
    • Peter Kloft
  • • Energy storage
    • Fluid
    • Flywheel
    • Kinetic energy
    • Variable moment of inertia
    • Variable inertia flywheel

• An Assessment of Costs for System Inertia in Future Power Systems consisting of a high Share of Non-Synchronous Penetration

  Thiesen, H. (2024). An Assessment of Costs for System Inertia in Future Power Systems consisting of a high Share of Non-Synchronous Penetration. Interdisciplinary Institute for Environmental, Social and Human Sciences Department of Energy and Environmental Management, Europa-Universität Flensburg. Europa-Universität , Flensburg. (Original work published 2024)

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  The need to limit global warming by decarbonising power systems drives the replacement of fossil fuel-fired power plants with renewable energy sources. For the most part, with frequency converter connected wind turbines and photovoltaic systems. As a result, power system inertia decreases. To maintain the controllability of the grid frequency, countermeasures need to be taken, which are associated with costs. This work assesses costs for system inertia in future power systems with a high share of non-synchronous penetration. Publications part of this cumulative thesis are categorised into three phases. The first phase assesses the basics of system inertia and defines fundamental assumptions. In the second phase, single topics such as load inertia, inertia provision via the day-ahead market and the influence of synthetic inertia provided by wind turbines on the power system are assessed. The last phase combines previous findings and analyses system costs of the future German power system due to the provision of inertia. In the Continental European power system, non-synchronous flywheel systems are the least-cost solution to provide necessary synthetic inertia with total annual costs of 167.64e/(kg·m2). Currently, load inertia accounts for 20% of the total system inertia and contribution of different consumer groups varies significantly. Securing sufficient system inertia in the Irish power system via the day-ahead market results in additional operating costs ranging from 1.02e/(kg·m2) to 4.49e/(kg·m2). Wind turbines can provide continuous inertia and are thus able to reduce must-run capacities and resulting CO2 emissions in the Irish power system by 31 %, curtailment by 40% and system costs by 33 %. Results indicate costs in future German power systems for inertia provision in the range from 0.002e/(kg·m2) to 0.61e/(kg·m2). Wind turbines and synchronous condensers equipped with flywheels providing inertia are the most cost-efficient solution to maintain the controllability of the grid frequency in future power systems. Higher CO2 certificate prices need to be taken into account to achieve overall decarbonisation targets. Further, reduction of primary power reserves activation time is crucial.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Thiesen, Henning

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • Wind Energy Technology Institute

  • Profilbereich

    • Erneuerbare Energien und nachhaltige Entwicklung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Wind
    • Netzintegration

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2024
  • Thesis
  • • Henning Thiesen

• Why state-of-the-art analytical models for eddy current losses in PM of PMSM are insufficient for variable speed motors

  Königs, M., & Löhlein, B. (2024). Why state-of-the-art analytical models for eddy current losses in PM of PMSM are insufficient for variable speed motors. e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, 141. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-024-01207-y

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Mike Königs
    • Bernd Löhlein

• Wasserstoff in der kommunalen Wärmeplanung. Lessons learned aus Schleswig-Holstein

  Blohm, M., Braunger, I., Hoffmann, I., & Semp, J. (2024). Wasserstoff in der kommunalen Wärmeplanung. Lessons learned aus Schleswig-Holstein. Abgerufen von https://coaltransitions.org/publications/wasserstoff-in-der-kommunalen-warmeplanung/

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  • Personenseiten

    • Blohm, Marina

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • Wind Energy Technology Institute

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2024
  • Report
  • • Marina Blohm
    • Isabell Braunger
    • Ilka Hoffmann
    • Josephine Semp

• Analysis of Turbine Yaw Misalignment Estimated by LIDAR Assuming Homogeneous Flow

  Zhang, Z., Guo, F., Schlipf, D., Schito, P., & Zasso, A. (2024). Analysis of Turbine Yaw Misalignment Estimated by LIDAR Assuming Homogeneous Flow. Wind Energy Science Discussions, 2024, 1–21. http://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-162

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Z. Zhang
    • F. Guo
    • D. Schlipf
    • P. Schito
    • A. Zasso

• Breast cancer survival prediction using an automated mitosis detection pipeline

  Stathonikos, N., Aubreville, M., de Vries, S., Wilm, F., Bertram, C. A., Veta, M., & van Diest, P. J. (2024). Breast cancer survival prediction using an automated mitosis detection pipeline. The Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research, 10, e70008. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/2056-4538.70008

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  Abstract Mitotic count (MC) is the most common measure to assess tumor proliferation in breast cancer patients and is highly predictive of patient outcomes. It is, however, subject to inter- and intraobserver variation and reproducibility challenges that may hamper its clinical utility. In past studies, artificial intelligence (AI)-supported MC has been shown to correlate well with traditional MC on glass slides. Considering the potential of AI to improve reproducibility of MC between pathologists, we undertook the next validation step by evaluating the prognostic value of a fully automatic method to detect and count mitoses on whole slide images using a deep learning model. The model was developed in the context of the Mitosis Domain Generalization Challenge 2021 (MIDOG21) grand challenge and was expanded by a novel automatic area selector method to find the optimal mitotic hotspot and calculate the MC per 2 mm2. We employed this method on a breast cancer cohort with long-term follow-up from the University Medical Centre Utrecht (N = 912) and compared predictive values for overall survival of AI-based MC and light-microscopic MC, previously assessed during routine diagnostics. The MIDOG21 model was prognostically comparable to the original MC from the pathology report in uni- and multivariate survival analysis. In conclusion, a fully automated MC AI algorithm was validated in a large cohort of breast cancer with regard to retained prognostic value compared with traditional light-microscopic MC.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Aubreville, Marc

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

  • Profilbereich

    • Informatik und Gestaltung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Data Science und Künstliche Intelligenz

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 3: Information und Kommunikation

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Nikolas Stathonikos
    • Marc Aubreville
    • Sjoerd de Vries
    • Frauke Wilm
    • Christof Bertram
    • Mitko Veta
    • Paul van Diest
  • • artificial intelligence
    • machine learning
    • histopathology
    • prognosis
    • mitosis
    • outcome
    • deep learning

• Influence of flexibility options on the German transmission grid — A sector-coupled mid-term scenario

  Büttner, C., Esterl, K., Cußmann, I., Realpe, C. A. E., Amme, J., & Nadal, A. (2024). Influence of flexibility options on the German transmission grid — A sector-coupled mid-term scenario. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition, 5, 100082. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rset.2024.100082

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  Germany must decarbonise all energy sectors to meet international and national climate goals. This task necessitates linking the electricity with the gas, heat and mobility sectors. On the one hand, sector coupling increases the demand for electrical energy and changes well-known demand patterns requiring updates to the grid infrastructure. On the other hand, the newly coupled sectors offer flexibility options to support the grid infrastructure and reduce expansion needs. This study employs a highly detailed model of the German transmission grid to analyse the impact of sector coupling comprising additional electricity demands and flexibility options on grid and storage expansion needs in the year 2035. The results demonstrate that utilising flexibility options can reduce system costs and lower CO2 emissions. The research adheres to open source and open data principles, with all data and tools being publicly accessible.

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  • Forschungsprojekt

    • eGon

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  • 2024
  • Journal Article
  • • Clara Büttner
    • Katharina Esterl
    • Ilka Cußmann
    • Carlos Realpe
    • Jonathan Amme
    • Amélia Nadal
  • • Energy system modelling
    • Sector coupling
    • Flexibility options
    • Open source
    • Open data

• Potentiale, Grenzen und Prioritäten. Grüner Wasserstoff für die Energiewende. Teil 5: Erzeugung von grünem Wasserstoff

  Lichtenberg, L., Lüdemann, M., Blohm, M., & von Düsterlho, D. J.-E. (2024). Potentiale, Grenzen und Prioritäten. Grüner Wasserstoff für die Energiewende. Teil 5: Erzeugung von grünem Wasserstoff.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Blohm, Marina

  • Forschungsprojekt

    • NRL Norddeutsches Reallabor

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • Wind Energy Technology Institute

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2024
  • Report
  • • Lia Lichtenberg
    • Max Lüdemann
    • Marina Blohm
    • Prof. Dr. von Düsterlho