Publikationen

2021

• Application of a New Dispatch Methodology to Identify the Influence of Inertia Supplying Wind Turbines on Day-Ahead Market Sales Volumes

  Thiesen, H., & Jauch, C. (2021). Application of a New Dispatch Methodology to Identify the Influence of Inertia Supplying Wind Turbines on Day-Ahead Market Sales Volumes. Energies, 14(5). http://doi.org/10.3390/en14051255 (Original work published Februar 2021)

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  Power system inertia is an essential part of grid frequency control. The number of synchronously connected machines, which inherently provide inertia, is decreasing due to the transition to renewable energies. Conventional generation units are being replaced by renewable generation units which are connected to the grid via frequency converters. Some power systems already suffer from too little power system inertia. Hence, inertia is a valuable yet non-traded commodity. A day-ahead dispatch methodology to secure power system inertia was developed and is applied and assessed in this work. Day-ahead market data of the combined market of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland is used. If the superimposition of sell and buy bids results in insufficient inertia, the dispatch algorithm is applied. In decreasing price order, non-inertia-providing sell bids get replaced by the following sell bids in the merit order. The iterative process is repeated until sufficient inertia is in the system. The provision of synthetic inertia by wind turbines is considered in the process. The costs for additional stored kinetic energy for the assessed time periods and scenarios result in costs ranging from 1.02 to 4.49 EUR/kgm2.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Thiesen, Henning
    • Jauch, Clemens

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • Wind Energy Technology Institute

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Henning Thiesen
    • Prof. Dr. Clemens Jauch

• Subsurface renewable energy storage capacity for hydrogen, methane and compressed air – A performance assessment study from the North German Basin

  Gasanzade, F., Pfeiffer, W. T., Witte, F., Tuschy, I., & Bauer, S. (2021). Subsurface renewable energy storage capacity for hydrogen, methane and compressed air – A performance assessment study from the North German Basin. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 149, 111422. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111422

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  The transition to renewable energy sources to mitigate climate change will require large-scale energy storage to dampen the fluctuating availability of renewable sources and to ensure a stable energy supply. Energy storage in the geological subsurface can provide capacity and support the cycle times required. This study investigates hydrogen storage, methane storage and compressed air energy storage in subsurface porous formations and quantifies potential storage capacities as well as storage rates on a site-specific basis. For part of the North German Basin, used as the study area, potential storage sites are identified, employing a newly developed structural geological model. Energy storage capacities estimated from a volume-based approach are 6510 TWh and 24,544 TWh for hydrogen and methane, respectively. For a consistent comparison of storage capacities including compressed air energy storage, the stored exergy is calculated as 6735 TWh, 25,795 TWh and 358 TWh for hydrogen, methane and compressed air energy storage, respectively. Evaluation of storage deliverability indicates that high deliverability rates are found mainly in two of the three storage formations considered. Even accounting for the uncertainty in geological parameters, the storage potential for the three considered storage technologies is significantly larger than the predicted demand, and suitable storage rates are achievable in all storage formations.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Witte, Francesco
    • Tuschy, Ilja

  • Profilbereich

    • Erneuerbare Energien und nachhaltige Entwicklung

  • Forschungsfeld

    • Wärme
    • Netzintegration

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Firdovsi Gasanzade
    • Wolf Pfeiffer
    • Francesco Witte
    • Ilja Tuschy
    • Sebastian Bauer
  • • Subsurface energy storage
    • Storage capacity
    • Exergy assessment
    • North German Basin
    • Geological porous media
    • Compressed air energy storage
    • Hydrogen gas storage
    • Methane gas storage
    • Achievable storage rate

• Software-in-the-Loop Simulation of a Gas-Engine for the Design and Testing of a Wind Turbine Emulator

  Rohr, A., & Jauch, C. (2021). Software-in-the-Loop Simulation of a Gas-Engine for the Design and Testing of a Wind Turbine Emulator. Energies, 14. http://doi.org/10.3390/en14102898

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  In order to investigate the grid integration of wind turbines (WT) of various scales and designs, a wind turbine emulator (WTE) is being built in Flensburg within the state-funded project GrinSH. The special feature of this WTE is the use of a large gas engine instead of an electric motor to emulate the behavior of a WT. In order to develop the controls of this innovative WTE and to design the upcoming test runs under safe conditions, a software in the loop model (SILM) was applied. This SILM contained a mathematical model of the wind turbine, mathematical models of the gas engine with an integrated controller, and a model of the generator and frequency converter unit, as well as a preventive modulator of the reference signal (PMRS). The PMRS module converts the reference signal of the emulated WT in such a way that the dynamics of the engine components can be calculated and balanced in advance to enable the required behavior of the entire SILM despite the dynamics of the gas engine. It was found that the PMRS module, developed and tested in this work, increased the ability of the WTE, based on a gas engine, to reproduce the dynamics of a WT.

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    • Rohr, Alexander
    • Jauch, Clemens

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Alexander Rohr
    • Prof. Dr. Clemens Jauch

• Connectivity is key: holistic sustainability assessment and reporting from the perspective of food manufacturers

  Küchler, R., & Herzig, C. (2021). Connectivity is key: holistic sustainability assessment and reporting from the perspective of food manufacturers. British Food Journal. http://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2021-0317

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  As members of the food supply chain, food manufacturers acquire power and hold responsibility for the sustainable transformation of our food systems. Sustainability assessment and reporting frameworks function as instruments to shape sustainable transformation processes. Their suitability for food manufacturing companies and their connectivity with the up- and downstream food supply chain is investigated here. The first section of the study explores the need for holistic, company-based sustainability frameworks in the food manufacturing sector from the literature. The second part compares seven frameworks, in terms of content and supply chain connectivity. Food sector specificity demands the inclusion of topics specific to food systems. Furthermore, none of the investigated frameworks fulfils both food sector specificity and full connectivity with the up- and downstream supply chain. As a limitation to this work, comparison of the frameworks at topic-level instead of indicator-level is considered. The findings call for more harmonised and integrated sustainability assessment throughout the food supply chain. The framework a food manufacturer should apply depends on their motivation behind conducting the sustainability assessment and reporting. Evidence is provided from various perspectives and with regard to key issues such as content, certification and communication. No comparison between sustainability frameworks has been made yet from the supply chain perspective of food manufacturers.

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  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Rebekka Küchler
    • Christian Herzig

• Capturing shrinkage and neck growth with phase field simulations of the solid state sintering.

  Ivannikov, V., Thomsen, F., Ebel, T., & Willumeit-Römer, R. (2021). Capturing shrinkage and neck growth with phase field simulations of the solid state sintering. Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 29(7). http://doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/ac1f87

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    • Thomsen, Fritz

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Vladimir Ivannikov
    • Fritz Thomsen
    • Thomas Ebel
    • Regine Willumeit-Römer

• Automizing the manual link in maritime supply chains? An analysis of twistlock handling automation in container terminals

  Kugler, M., Brandenburg, M., & Limant, S. (2021). Automizing the manual link in maritime supply chains? An analysis of twistlock handling automation in container terminals. Maritime Transport Research, 2, 100017. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.martra.2021.100017

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  The study at hand elaborates on potential barriers, prerequisites and optimization potentials for the automation of the twistlock handling process in container terminals. A case analysis enlightens latest automation developments of this essential task in container transport. Eight experts from different organizations in maritime logistics and seaport operations were interviewed in a qualitative multiple-case research design. The interviews were evaluated by qualitative-quantitative content analysis with MAXQDA software. Automated twistlock handling systems are hardly implemented, although they represent the missing link between other container handling technology in the automated container transport. The study reveals that most implementation barriers consist of technological issues, followed by economic and strategic barriers. The study identifies implementation strategies and their key success and shows that safety improvements and cost reductions are major benefits of this automation. An innovation framework for this field of automation is conceptualized as scientific contribution. Practical implications include recommendations for relevant stakeholders in container logistics.

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  • Personenseiten

    • Brandenburg, Marcus

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft
    • Fachbereich 1: Maschinenbau, Verfahrenstechnik und Maritime Technologien

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Michael Kugler
    • Marcus Brandenburg
    • Sander Limant
  • • Container logistics
    • Maritime logistics
    • Process automation
    • Twistlock handling
    • case study
    • Expert interviews

• Grid Services and Stress Reduction with a Flywheel in the Rotor of a Wind Turbine

  Jauch, C. (2021). Grid Services and Stress Reduction with a Flywheel in the Rotor of a Wind Turbine. Energies, 14. http://doi.org/10.3390/en14092556

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  Wind power penetration increases in most grids and the sizes of wind turbines increase. This leads to increasingly tough requirements, which are imposed on wind turbines, both from the grid as well as from economics. Some of these partially contradictory requirements can only be satisfied with additional control mechanisms in the wind turbines. In this paper, such a mechanism, i.e., a hydraulic–pneumatic flywheel system in the rotor of a wind turbine, is discussed. This flywheel system supports a wind turbine in providing grid services such as steadying the power infeed, fast frequency response, continuous inertia provision, power system stabilization, and low voltage ride-through. In addition, it can help mitigate the stress on the mechanical structure of a wind turbine, which results from varying operating points, imbalances in the rotor, gravitation that acts on the blades, in-plane vibrations, and emergency braking. The study presented in this paper is based on simulations of a publicly available reference wind turbine. Both the rotor blade design as well as the design of the flywheel system are as previously published. It is discussed how the aforementioned grid services and the stress reduction mechanisms can be combined. Finally, it is concluded that such a flywheel system broadens the range of control mechanisms of a wind turbine substantially, which is beneficial for the grid as well as for the wind turbine itself.

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    • Jauch, Clemens

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 2: Energy and Life Science

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Prof. Dr. Clemens Jauch

• Financial performance and firm efficiency of automotive manufacturers and their suppliers A longitudinal data envelopment analysis

  Brandenburg, M., & Hahn, G. J. (2021). Financial performance and firm efficiency of automotive manufacturers and their suppliers A longitudinal data envelopment analysis. Logistics Research, 14(1), 26. http://doi.org/10.23773/2021_01

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  A data envelopment analysis (DEA) is presented to assess evolutions of firm efficiency and financial performance in automotive supply chains. A sample of 32 decision-making units (DMUs), 17 globally operating original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and 15 key suppliers from the automotive industry, is in focus of this analysis in which cost levels and capital requirements are put into relation to sales growth and profit. Cost of goods sold, operating capital, and net fixed assets represent the financial input of a company while sales growth and earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) reflect the financial output. The financial performance of a firm is indicated by its efficiency, calculated by an input-oriented variable returns to scale model. A multiple linear regression analysis reveals which operational performance factors are predictors of financial performance. A longitudinal DEA approach that covers the years from 2003 to 2017 is chosen to reveal performance evolutions over time. In order to analyze the stability of relationships between efficient firms (peers) and inefficient ones (followers) over time, changes in the performance relationship network are assessed in a graph-theoretic approach. In this study, geographical and structural specifics of DMU groups are taken into account. The study reveals similarities and differences between OEMs and their suppliers regarding the importance of value drivers and detects periods of performance losses and recovery from the global economic crisis.

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    • Brandenburg, Marcus

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Marcus Brandenburg
    • Gerd Hahn
  • • Automotive industry
    • Data Envelopment Analysis
    • Financial performance
    • Supply networks

• Arbeiten Frauen aufgrund des Ehegattensplittings weniger? — Eine empirische Untersuchung für Deutschland

  Chirvi, M. (2021). Arbeiten Frauen aufgrund des Ehegattensplittings weniger? — Eine empirische Untersuchung für Deutschland. Steuer und Wirtschaft, 98(2). http://doi.org/10.9785/stuw-2021-980207

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  Der Beitrag soll zur Klärung der Frage beitragen, ob das Ehegattensplitting, wie vielfach behauptet wird, einen negativen Einfluss auf das Arbeitsverhalten verheirateter Frauen hat. Hierzu kommt für Deutschland erstmals ein von Quasi-Experimenten inspirierter Ansatz zum Einsatz, bei dem anhand des allgemeinen Effekts der Heirat auf das Erwerbsverhalten der heiratenden Frauen die Wirkung des Ehegattensplittings geschätzt wird. Die Veränderung des Arbeitsverhaltens heiratender Frauen wird dabei der Veränderung bei jenen Frauen gegenübergestellt, die im gleichen Zeitraum weiterhin mit ihrem festen Partner zusammenleben, ohne zu heiraten (Kontrollgruppe). Die Ergebnisse sprechen eindeutig gegen einen unmittelbaren negativen Effekt des Ehegattensplittings auf das Erwerbsverhalten von Frauen. Jedoch reduzieren heiratende und zeitgleich ein Kind bekommende Frauen ihre Erwerbstätigkeit stärker als gebärende Frauen in der Kontrollgruppe. In Folge einer lediglich teilweisen Abschaffung des Ehegattensplittings, die in den Entwürfen zu Parteiprogrammen zur Bundestagswahl 2021 teilweise gefordert wird, sind sogar noch geringere Effekte auf das Arbeitsverhalten zu erwarten.

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    • Chirvi, Malte

  • Fachbereich

    • Fachbereich 4: Wirtschaft

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Malte Chirvi

• \# Covid-19: An Exploratory Investigation of Hashtag Usage on Twitter

  Petersen, K., & Gerken, J. M. (2021). \# Covid-19: An Exploratory Investigation of Hashtag Usage on Twitter. Health Policy.

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    • Petersen, Kai
    • Gerken, Jan Michael

  • Abteilung/Einrichtung

    • FLAIR - Flensburg Artificial Intelligence Research

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  • 2021
  • Journal Article
  • • Kai Petersen
    • Jan Gerken