Goecke, F. R., Wiese, J., Labes, A., & Imhoff, J. F. (2012). Phylogenetic relationships among bacteria described from algae: Algae are a distinct source of new taxa. In 3. Latin-American Congress of Algal Biotechnology. Abgerufen von http://oceanrep.geomar.de/19547/
Goecke, F. R., Labes, A., Wiese, J., & Imhoff, J. F. (2012). Dual effect of macroalgal extracts on growth of bacteria in Western Baltic Sea. Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografia, 47, 75–86. Abgerufen von http://oceanrep.geomar.de/14347/
Abstract
It is assumed that the biological characteristics of the bacterial strains used in bioactivity tests have strong influences on their susceptibility against antibacterial compounds. Therefore, the selection of bacterial test strains may rush conclusions on the effect of macroalgal extracts and metabolites on bacteria. To proof this assumption, we have analysed the biological activities of crude extracts of 16 macroalgae from the coastal waters of Kiel Fjord (Germany), and tested their effect against a panel of 10 microorganisms comprising 5 standard test strains of bacteria and 5 macroalga-associated bacteria. Fourteen macroalgae (88\%) displayed antibacterial activity against at least one of the test strains. Despite the high proportion of extracts exhibiting antimicrobial activity, only 3 strains of the standard set were susceptible to macroalgal extracts and the overall activities were low (less than 80\% of inhibition). Most of active extracts inhibited Bacillus subtilis, while no inhibition effects were found against Erwinia amylovora, Escherichia coli, and the macroalga-associated bacteria. In contrast, all extracts produced stimulatory growth effects of at least two of the tested bacteria. While growth stimulation of standard set of bacteria was rare (22.5\% of total tests) with exception of plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora and two cases of Staphylococcus lentus, it was common among bacteria associated with macroalgae (77.5\%), especially Bacillus algicola, Pseudomonas marincola and both algal-pathogenic bacteria. This study demonstrates that macroalgal extracts can display different effects, i.e., inhibition or stimulation of bacterial growth depending on the origin of the test strains, which are derived from a standard panel or from the marine environment, respectively.
Petersen, K. (2012). A palette of lean indicators to detect waste in software maintenance: A case study. In International Conference on Agile Software Development (S. 108–122).
Goecke, F. R., Wiese, J., Nunez, A., Labes, A., Imhoff, J. F., & Neuhauser, S. (2012). A Novel Phytomyxean Parasite Associated with Galls on the Bull-Kelp Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot. PLoS ONE, 7, e45358. Abgerufen von http://oceanrep.geomar.de/19148/
Abstract
Durvillaea antarctica (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) is a large kelp of high ecological and economic significance in the Southern Hemisphere. In natural beds along the central coast of Chile (Pacific Ocean), abnormal growth characterized by evident gall development and discolorations of the fronds/thallus was observed. Analysing these galls by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of endophytic eukaryotes showing typical characteristics for phytomyxean parasites. The parasite developed within enlarged cells of the subcortical tissue of the host. Multinucleate plasmodia developed into many, single resting spores. The affiliation of this parasite to the Phytomyxea (Rhizaria) was supported by 18S rDNA data, placing it within the Phagomyxida. Similar microorganisms were already reported once 23 years ago, indicating that these parasites are persistent and widespread in D. antarctica beds for long times. The symptoms caused by this parasite are discussed along with the ecological and economic consequences. Phytomyxean parasites may play an important role in the marine ecosystem, but they remain understudied in this environment. Our results demonstrate for the first time the presence of resting spores in Phagomyxida, an order in which resting spores were thought to be absent making this the first record of a phagomyxean parasite with a complete life cycle so far, challenging the existing taxonomic concepts within the Phytomyxea. The importance of the here described resting spores for the survival and ecology of the phagomyxid parasite will be discussed together with the impact this parasite may have on the strongest seaweed of the world , which is an important habitat forming and economic resource from the Southern Hemisphere.
Goecke, F. R., Thiel, V., Wiese, J., Labes, A., & Imhoff, J. F. (2012). Phylogenetic relationships among bacteria described from algae: Distinct source of new taxa. In Jahrestagung der Vereinigung für Allgemeine und Angewandte Mikrobiologie. Abgerufen von http://oceanrep.geomar.de/19548/
Labes, A. (2012). Efficiency and material protection of a new cell disruption method for the extraction of bioactives from algae, bacteria and fungi. In Analytica. Abgerufen von http://oceanrep.geomar.de/15362/